Law and software engineering jobs

...professional with expertise in FPGA design, Digital design, and Hardware design to support me in the development of a new product. The current phase of development of the project is the design phase, and I need someone with experience in Computer Engineering, 3D modelling, ARM, Rasberry Pi, Arduino, and STM 32. This individual should be able to conceptualize and create innovative designs, contributing to the development of a groundbreaking product. Key skills and requirements for this role include: - Proficiency in FPGA design - Experience in Digital design - Expertise in Hardware design - Strong background in Computer Engineering - Ability to work within the 3D modeling environment - Proven experience with ARM, Rasberry Pi, Arduino, ...

I need a structural engineer to update existing plans for an ...sidelights to a single pivot door with larger glass sidelights with new header to carry load of second floor above. Window and door manufacturer to supply engineering specs to engineer -removal of upstairs fireplace and replace with wall and new opening to primary bath (non-load bearing) -re-framing of shower wall to accomodate bench (non-load bearing) -additional items to be discussed. I have already met with the city and they are satisfied with my electrical and plumbing drawings that will be stamped by an electrical contractor and a plumbing contractor to be included in my submission. I would like to work with a structural engineer who can work with me on my submission a...

I'm looking for an experienced software developer to create an AI recruiting software tailored for the healthcare industry. The ideal candidate should have previous experience with LMS and building recruitment tools. Key features: - Resume Screening: The software should be able to effectively screen resumes for healthcare positions. - Candidate Ranking: Implement a system that ranks potential candidates based on their qualifications and experience. - Interview Scheduling: The tool should also have a built-in feature that enables easy and efficient interview scheduling. Preferred Resume Screening method: - Keyword Matching: A system to match keywords in resumes to job requirements - Machine Learning Algorithms: An algorithm to predict candid...

...absence of a current legal guardianship. My main concern is for my daughter who is severely disabled and is about to turn 18. As a legal guardian, I anticipate being responsible for her overall wellbeing. This includes making healthcare decisions on her behalf, managing her finances, and providing daily care and support. The ideal candidate for this project should be an experienced legal professional, particularly in family law and legal guardianships. It's essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the legal requirements, rights and responsibilities of a legal guardian. Experience in special needs law would be greatly advantageous. Responsibilities Include: - Counselling on guardianship and legal implications - Pre...

We are seeking a highly skilled and experienced aeronautical engineer or team to design and build a 6-seater airplane from scratch. This is a full-package project, encompassing everything from the initial concept and design to final documentation and simulations. Design Phase: Develop a new, innovative design for a 6-seater airplane, considering factors like aerodynamics, performance, safety, and passenger comfort. Provide detailed engineering drawings and specifications for the entire aircraft, including the fuselage, wings, tail section, landing gear, and powerplant integration. Construction Phase: We decide on construction phase. Indicate if you'd like assistance with creating detailed build instructions or manuals. Simula...

...create a comprehensive video software demo that can showcase our product for marketing purposes. Note: The software is not done yet. So you will have to use reference site as demo. The software demo is Y-Combinator meets Kickstarter for Black-Americans. Key features to display 1. crowdfunding platform, which allows people to raise money for creative projects and people to pledge money to projects 2. entrepreneur matchmaking- which allows entrepreneurs to connect with team members 3. online courses - to educate people on investment and other money-making topics Requirements: - The demo should be user-friendly, with a clear interface that highlights our product's key features and benefits. - The software should ideally be de...

I'm in sea...in-person format. Key Training Areas: - Security and Risk Management - Asset Security - Security Architecture and Engineering I need someone who can provide thorough explanations and practical examples of these topics. Your role will be to break down complex concepts into understandable parts for the students. This means ensuring the content is clear, concise, and engaging. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Advanced CISSP certification - Experience in in-person training - Strong communication and presentation skills - Ability to simplify complex ideas - Understanding of adult learning principles Please only apply if you are an Advanced CISSP certified professional with experience in in-person training. Your ability to eff...

Please read the content of the requirements - ONLY SPANISH SPEAKER I am seeking an experienced 360 marketing specialist for my social media platforms which include Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter. The successful candidate will need to be a native Spanish speaker. To sell Point of sale For B2B sells of software Key responsibilities include: - Creating engaging and compelling content that will resonate with my target audience - Designing and implementing a comprehensive social media strategy aimed at driving sales - Creating and designing the Ads - Monitoring and analyzing metrics to ensure the effectiveness of campaigns

I'm looking for a skilled software developer to create a top-tier application in the technology industry. The project goal is developing a new software application aimed at businesses. Key Tasks: - Create a comprehensive and functional software solution. - Ensure the software is user-friendly and efficient for businesses. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in software development. - Strong knowledge of the latest technology trends. - Ability to understand and meet the needs of businesses. - Excellent problem-solving and analytical skills. Please note that this project comes with a high budget of up to $10 million. The successful candidate will be well-versed in creating software that is not ...

...accounting software with essential features that will allow me to manage my finances, track inventory, generate GST reports, and handle billing. This software should also support up to 5 users. Key Features Needed: - Financial Management: The software should offer robust financial management functionalities to help me track and manage my finances effectively. - Inventory Management: A sophisticated inventory management system is required which involves product categorization, stock monitoring, and purchase order tracking. - GST Reporting: The software should have the capability to generate accurate GST reports in compliance with the relevant regulations. - Billing Features: I would require the software to support invoicing, paymen...

...of a software developer who can assist me in creating a software application that can search through public property records and monitor for changes, sending notifications through a dashboard. Key Requirements: - Develop a software application capable of searching through public property records. - Implement a feature that allows the software to monitor these records for specific changes. - The software must be able to send notifications regarding these changes through a dashboard. Ideal Skillset: - Proficiency in software development and programming. - Experience in database management and data analysis. - Familiarity with creating software for monitoring data and sending alerts. - Ability to create a user-f...

We are an engineering company in need of a P&ID drawing for our margarine plant process. This project requires the completion of 1 P&ID done in AutoCAD. Files must be delivered in DWG and PDF (monochrome) format and adhere to best drafting practices for P&IDs. Please do not bid if you lack direct experience with P&ID drawings for industrial processes. We will provide the PFD. Additionally, the process must be simulated using HYSYS, with the simulation results included as part of the project output. The project must be completed in 5 days. Project Details: - Create a standard P&ID from the provided PFD. - Simulate the process using HYSYS and include the simulation results. - Use of layers is required and should be consistent throughout...

I am looking for an architect or engineer specialized in residential building projects, specifically multi-story structures, for my new...of the building is residential use only. - The structure should have more than three stories. - A mezzanine as one of the amenities to incorporate in the building is required. Essential Skills: - Experience in residential high-rise building design. - Familiarity with engineering projects in Lisbon and local building regulations. - Experience in incorporating mezzanines into residential building designs. Your proposal should outline your experience with similar projects, your understanding of Lisbon's building laws, and your design approach when incorporating a mezzanine. Any examples of past projects in Lisbon specifically...

I need a professional sound engineer to perform three main tasks on an audio file that exceeds 5 minutes in length. The original audio file is in MP4 format. The tasks include: - Removing background noise and interference, - Fixing audio distortion, - Enhancing the overall clarity of the audio. Ideally, the person for this job has experience in audio editing, sound engineering, and professional software for audio clean-up. Previous work with MP4 audio files will be preferred. This task requires precise and careful attention to audio details.

Hi, I need a structural engineer to design a steel i beam for a 20' 3" span (wall between kitchen and living room is being eliminated) and a second Steel I beam for a 23 foot span beam in the center of the family room.. I want the I beam to be completely hidden in the floor joist which are either 2x8 or 2x10 floor joist. These beams are for a cape cod style house the address is 56 Hale Rd Glastonbury CT 06033. Above the Family room there is a flat roof, above the kitchen and living room there is living space and a roof . Please let me know if you need anymore information.

...setting up contracts and liability waivers to protect my company's interests. These documents are primarily aimed at minimizing legal risks, especially in customer interactions. Key Requirements: - Develop legally sound contracts and liability waivers: My primary goal is to ensure that these documents are comprehensive, clear, and legally enforceable. - Tailored for Customers: The primary users of these documents will be my customers. Therefore, it's crucial that the terms and conditions are easily understood by a non-legal audience. - Digital Distribution: The preferred method for distributing these documents is digitally, either via email or on our website. Ideal Freelancer: - Legal Expertise: I'm looking for a professional with a strong ...

...looking for an e-commerce website that can sell a single digital product - a software. The key requirements for this project are as follows: - **E-Commerce Functionality**: The website should essentially operate as a single product online store, optimized for sales of the software. - **Digital Product Delivery**: After a successful purchase, I'd like the software to be delivered via email with a secure download link. - **Payment Integration**: The website should have seamless integration with both Credit Card and PayPal payment gateways. Skills: - Proficiency in e-commerce website development - Experience in digital product sales platforms - Payment gateway integration expertise, especially in Credit Card and PayPal - Strong understanding of...

As a Business Development/Sales Partner, I'm seeking a dedicated individual to help me forge partnerships within the finance industry for my B2B SaaS software. Your key responsibilities will be to cultivate these relationships, pitch our product to potential clients, and ultimately contribute to the growth of our service. The ideal candidate would be a Sales Executive who is looking to build a career in business development and sales. Although prior experience is not necessary, a basic understanding of the finance industry is beneficial. You should also be a motivated self-starter with excellent communication skills. Key Responsibilities: (Business Development Executive) (with good track record) + Must have strong Sales Managerial Experience in any B2B SaaS comp...

I am looking for a software designer who can help me build a payment processing company similar to VISA INC, while ensuring that the company complies with all relevant laws and regulations in North America. Key Requirements: - I want the company to focus on payment processing. - The software must include a mobile-friendly design to cater to the increasing mobile transaction trend. - The payment gateway should be integrated into the system to provide a seamless, secure transaction experience. - An inventory management system is also crucial for our operations. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in designing and developing payment processing systems. - In-depth knowledge and understanding of North American regulations and compl...

...comprehensive set of engineering plans for a commercial project. This includes electrical, mechanical, and plumbing plans. Additionally, I need the following: - Detailed Floor Plan: showcasing the layout and features of the space - Site Plan: illustrating the structure's placement on the property - Energy Code Plan: ensuring compliance with energy regulations - 3D Interior Design: providing a visual representation of the interior space - 3D rendering (1, 60-80 ft wall design, 1, 20 ft wall design) The ideal freelancer must have prior experience developing commercial engineering plans and 3D interior designs. Proficiency in relevant software for engineering and design is a must. Strong communication skills are also important...

I'm looking for a skilled engineer who can design a self-supported steel chimney for a metal manufacturing plant. This chimney will be integral to industrial emissions control. Tasks Include: - Tailoring the design to accommodate the specific needs of a metal-manufacturing environment. - Incorporating robust safety features and compliances for high-temperature metal emissions. Ideal skills: - Structural Engineering - Industrial Design - Knowledge of industrial emissions standards - Experience with metal manufacturing processes.

I'm looking for a skilled developer who can work with Angular, Node.js, C#, and C++. Unfortunately, I missed answering the question about the project's nature and main goal, but here's an overview of what I need: - You'll be working on a software project that involves these technologies. - Your tasks may include front-end and back-end development, and potentially some native app development. - You must be proficient in all these languages/technologies. Please reach out with your experience in these technologies and a brief overview of any similar projects you've worked on.

...purposes that would give a basic overview of the system with major components. - **Detailing**: The level of detail required is to provide an overview and include major components. Detailed component specifications and values are not necessary. Ideal candidate for this project: - **Electrical Engineering Background**: You should have a strong background in electrical engineering to accurately depict the systems and components in the schematic diagrams. - **Experience in Creating Schematic Diagrams**: Prior experience in creating schematic diagrams is a plus. - **Attention to Detail**: Even though the diagrams are for educational purposes and don't require detailed specifications, an attention to detail is essential to ensure the correct r...

...drafting contracts, specifically wholesale distribution agreements. Your task will involve: - Defining the rights and obligations of all concerned parties, to maintain clarity and avoid any potential disputes in our business relationship. - Including key terms in the agreement like a termination clause, an exclusivity clause, and a liability clause in order to secure our company's interests and limit potential risks. - Providing an open-ended duration without any specific term limit, allowing for indefinite continuation until either party chooses to terminate. This is a vital document for our business, so accuracy, attention to detail, and knowledge of contractual law are essential. Past experience drafting similar agreements would ...

I'm looking for an experienced T-shirt designer who can create a simple yet impactful design for my patent law firm. Key Requirements: - Design Style: Minimalist - Color Scheme: Corporate colors (Blue and Grey) - T-shirt Material: 100% cotton The design should feature: - A phrase of "Invent Smart, Bruh!" - The logo of our law firm Ideal Freelancer: - Proven experience in T-shirt design - Strong understanding of minimalist aesthetics - Proficient in working with corporate color schemes - Familiarity with the legal industry would be a plus Looking forward to seeing your creative proposals!

...civil engineering firm, Anglin Civil. The logo should primarily incorporate the company initials. Key Requirements: - Vintage style: I'm looking for a classic, timeless logo design that reflects the company's heritage in civil engineering. If you have something more model and simple I am okay to looking at that as well. - Colors: The logo should predominantly feature red, white, black, and grey. - Company initials: The logo should creatively integrate the initials of our company, 'Anglin Civil'. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in creating vintage-style logos. - Strong understanding of color theory to effectively blend red, white, black, and grey in the design. - Proficiency in incorporating company initials...

I am in need of a c...onboard system. This system should be capable of sending, receiving, and managing messages. Key Requirements: - Implementation of WhatsApp integration for an onboard system. - Functions to send, receive, and manage messages through the onboard system. Preferred Skills: - Proficiency in C#. - Familiarity with Visual Studio MVC projects. - Experience in embedded systems and software development. - Familiarity with messaging application development. - Strong problem-solving abilities for hardware-related issues. Should you have a background in both computer engineering and software development, with a particular proficiency in C#, I'd like to hear from you. This is a unique project and I'm looking for s...

...a talented freelance animator to create an engaging and professional animation video for our software project. The video should effectively showcase the features, functionality, and benefits of our software in a visually appealing and easy-to-understand manner. Project Details: Video Length: Approximately 2-3 minutes Style: 2D/3D animation (depending on the freelancer's expertise and recommendation) Content: Script, storyboard, and voice-over (to be provided by us) Objective: Highlight key features, user interface, and unique selling points of the software Target Audience: Potential clients, investors, and stakeholders Responsibilities: Collaborate with our team to understand the project requirements and...

...an expert to create an advanced and professional CV builder. This tool should include the following features: - Comprehensive set of inbuilt templates, suitable for different industries and positions - Guidance and tips for CV creation incorporating industry best practices and successful strategies - An option to import and edit existing CVs The ideal candidate for this job will have a deep understanding of CV best practices and a proven track record in software development. The software should allow users to customize and adjust the sections and formatting within their CV. This is not just about font and colors. We're looking for an ability to customize and create sections that best represent the...

...in-depth analysis on the heat transfer and airflow rates of a vehicle brake disk. The primary goal of this project is to evaluate the performance of two different materials - cast iron and carbon ceramic - under varying conditions. Key responsibilities include: - Analyzing the heat transfer rate of the brake disk made from both cast iron and carbon ceramic. - Investigating the airflow rate on the brake disk for these materials. - Comparing and presenting the results of the analysis, particularly focusing on the performance differences between the two materials. - Providing insights and recommendations on the preferred material based on the analysis conducted. Ideal skills and experience for this project include: - Proficiency in COMSOL MULTIP...

Seeking a professional with expertise in Ansys electronic software, capable of conducting a detailed electromagnetic simulation. The project is centered on electromagnetic dampers, requiring an in-depth simulation and analysis to assess and refine our designs. - Handle electromechanic simulations - Evaluate and improve current dampers design You need to have prior experience with electromagnetic simulations, particularly within the scope of dampers. Knowledge in engineering projects involving similar systems will be highly beneficial.

...with either Haraka or Postal. The project requires understanding, building and managing SMTP infrastructure on a deep technical/engineering level. To simplify the project it revolves around receiving email, modifying some of the headers and then sending it on for delivery. We expect there to be some development involved to achieve the final desired outcome. The full details will be explained in further discussions. We will need the installation and testing of the solution and ongoing support and consulting after implementation. Please note, we are specifically looking for a technical expert in handling Haraka/Postal/SMTP. This is NOT a project focused on email delivery as it is applied to marketing type emails and reputation management...

...provide you with the design file that I have been working on. Also, I need you to include explanation in the report. Key Responsibilities: - Develop detailed Cross-Sections & Track Components. - Implement engineering considerations where needed. - Ensure seamless integration with existing elements of the design file I'll provide. This is a personal project, so I am particularly focused on quality and a timely delivery. Your expertise in OpenRail Designer is essential to the successful completion of this project. I need the project completed as soon as possible, ideally today. Ideal skills and experience: - Proficiency in OpenRail Designer - Experience in developing detailed Cross-Sections & Track Components - Ability to work within tight deadlines -...

I need a civil engineering professional who has experience with OpenRail Designer Software. The task involves a Workplace Practical Task which has not yet commenced. Key Details: - The task must be completed within 24 hours upon you receiving it. - Specific requirements for the task will be delivered along with the task itself. Ideal Candidate: - Proficient in civil engineering, particularly with expertise in rail alignments. - Familiarity with OpenRail Designer Software. - Ability to work efficiently and effectively within tight time constraints. - Proffiosional and academic writing abilities Please let me know your availability and relevant experience. The task will consider a real-life example of railway engineering design ...

We are seeking a skilled tech writer and content editor who can independently research and create content to support our business by writing Medium posts and creating marketing materials . Key Responsibilities 1. Edit and refine Medium posts to ensure they are engaging, informative, and SEO-friendly. 2. Review and improve marketing materials to align with our company's brand voice and messaging. 3. Source appropriate images for the content. The Ideal Candidate: - Proficient in tech writing and editing. - Good understanding of on-premise and SaaS solutions. - Experience in editing blog posts and marketing materials. - Able to work closely with the marketing team and deliver high-quality, error-free text....

I'm seeking an expert in ZHHE-CAD software. We have a simple pattern file we would like to import into the ZHHE-CAD software. Please let me know if you believe you can help us and if you have the specific CAD software.

I need English speakers from across the globe for a two-month recording project aiming to record scripts through a conversation. Scripts to record regard many subjects like healthcare, business, games, law and tourism. Recordings will be performed through an app between two peoples forming a group, so teams of many english speakers are welcome, but if you are not a team and you have a person like a friend or a brother with whom you can record, you are still welcome to apply. Check the form joined below to know more about the project.

Hi taskmanageryd, I noticed your profile and would like to offer you my project. We can discuss any details over chat.

...looking for an experienced software developer to create a PVC software for me. The core features required are: - PDF data extraction and printing: The software should have the capability to extract both text and images from PDF files and facilitate printing of the same. Proficiency in PDF manipulation tools is highly desired. - Image extraction and printing: in addition to text, the software should efficiently extract images for printing. - Localization: The software should fully support localization for all local Indian languages, with specific advantages in Hindi, Tamil, and Bengali. Understanding of the cultural context and linguistic nuances associated with these languages is a bonus. Ideal candidates...

I'm in need of a talented software developer to create a self-ordering kiosk software. This is an urgent requirement and I'd like the project completed as soon as possible. Key Software Features: - Menu Customization: The software needs to enable users to browse through a customized menu and make their selection. - Payment Processing: The software should integrate secure and efficient payment processing features, accepting multiple payment formats. - Order Tracking: Users must be able to track their orders in real-time through the kiosk software. While no particular operating system compatibility was specified, universal compatibility would be preferred. Past experience in developing similar kiosk software w...

I am looking for a Docker engineer for a project on a Windows operating system. We will be focusing on running a web application and would like to implement a continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline in our operations. Key responsibilities would ideally include: • Building Docker solutions for our Windows-based web application • Setting up an effective CI/CD pipeline Skills and Experience: • Proven experience in Docker engineering • Strong grasp on Windows-based systems and web applications • Knowledge in setting up CI/CD pipelines • Proficient understanding of containerization technologies I anticipate the potential for ongoing work if this project is successful. Please attach examples of similar Docker proj...

I'm seeking an experienced ethical hacker with an acute focus on specific target areas. The ideal candidate should have proficiency in: - Network penetration testing - Web application security testing - Social engineering testing Although not clearly defined at this point, there will definitely be specific targets for the ethical hacking focus. Such targets will be further clarified upon commencement of project. Your versatility and adaptability would be essential for this role.

I'm a registered Amazon seller in the Home & Kitchen category and I'm looking for someone to help me register my brand on Amazon. Key Requirements: - Amazon Expertise: A thorough understanding of Amazon's brand registration process is essential. - Legal Knowledge: While a trademark isn't compulsory, experience with intellectual property law and trademark registration would be a plus. - Communication Skills: Ability to communicate clearly and efficiently is important as you'll need to liaise with Amazon support on my behalf. The ideal candidate should possess a mix of legal, Amazon, and communication skills to effectively help me through this process.

...following: - **Installation and Setup**: A detailed guide on how to install and set up Parasoft and Klocwork for C/C++. - **Configuring Rules and Standards**: Explanation on how to effectively configure rules and adhere to coding standards within both software. - **Analyzing and Obtaining Results**: An insightful overview on how to analyze code and obtain results using Parasoft and Klocwork. - **Pros and Cons**: Pros and cons of using both tools and an unbiased comparison. Ideal candidate should have: - Profound experience with Parasoft or Klocwork - Strong knowledge of C/C++ - Exceptional technical writing skills The report must be well-organized, engaging, and suitable for a reader unfamiliar...

...visually stunning, mysterious and intriguing dress featuring autonomously moving metal snake scales. This project is uniquely engaging and will require someone with specialism in electrical engineering and a sense of creating something new. Key Project Requirements: - Scales must have the ability to move up and down independently, soft and constant movement is crucial to achieve the intended atmosphere. - It needs external batteries, possibly small enough to fit in a dress. It is not required to run for very long. - Since the installation is autonomous, no interactivity is required. It needs to continue its movement pattern regardless of nearby activities or conditions. - I would like to be taught more than anything, I will pay but I would li...

I am looking for a highly skilled and adept structural engineer who can supply me with the following: -HER ISS THE COMMUNICATION WITH THE COUNTY: Good afternoon all, There has been no permit technician assigned to the case, the previous owner had discussed removal of the structure and septic, and was not attempting to permit it. I can see about having one assigned, though a lot of the conversation will be dependent on the flood plain survey to determine if the structure can remain or not. Both it and the RV are currently located in the mapped floodplain. Certainly for procedural questions, the *********** is a good choice. Thank you, THE EXISTING BUILDING IS NOT PERMITTED AND I NEED A STRUCTURAL ENGINEER TO DO CALCS AND DRAWING FOR T...

I am looking to develop a comprehensive web application with features like 3D modeling, body scanning, measurement calculations, and integration with e-commerce platforms. The ideal freelancer will have experience in: - Al/machine learning. - 3D modeling - Photogrammetry - Tailoring web applications for a e-commerce. - Creating user-friendly, interactive interfaces - Implementing features that enhance customer experience and streamline shopping processes Please demonstrate your proficiency in these areas when bidding. Your task will be to translate my specific needs into a practical and attractive web application that boosts customer engagement and drives sales.

I'm in need of a talented SEO writer to create 2 engaging articles for my website. The articles will specifically focus on the iMyFone Chat AI Software. The primary goal of these articles is to increase website traffic. Ideal skills and experience for the job include: - Proven experience in writing SEO-friendly content - Strong understanding of how to create engaging articles - Familiarity with software industry and the related Software - Ability to conduct thorough research and write compelling content

I am looking for a Tekla Structures specialist to design a steel structure for a small industrial wareh...creating a design with the minimum use of steel. This involves maximizing the load-bearing capacity of the structure while also ensuring efficient use of space and long-term durability. - **Software Proficiency**: You must be comfortable working with Tekla Structures 2022, as this will be the software used for the project. Previous experience with this version will be a significant advantage. An ideal candidate for this project should have previous experience in designing steel structures for industrial warehouses and a strong background in structural engineering. Experience in optimizing steel structures, particularly for space efficiency and...

I need a highly professional, persuasive, and legally sound letter of demand to be crafted. This letter will be addressed to a company, requesting payment for an outstanding debt. Therefore, competency in commercial law is of high importance in this task. Key requirements for this task include: - Legal knowledge: You should have experience in commercial law, and be able to draft a comprehensible and commanding demand letter. - Attention to detail: I will provide an invoice as evidence of the outstanding debt. You will need to examine it closely to ensure that the information stated is cogent and verifiable. You should have experience in dealing with financial legal matters and an understanding of the subtleties involved when communicating...