Organize data in project

Hi Fairly simple, I need a way to organize data from 100 specimens. Each specimen has 10-15 categories where there can be a value (or not), and each of theese categories can have from 1-20 different levels. Some will be predefined by me, other will be nummerical . Bascically one Excel spreadsheet can do the job, but I find the one I have made VERY big. Inputting data 150 collumns to the right....it is annoying. All I want is a one sheet front, where I can input specimen number, text input box for weight and drop down for the categories with level. Preferably done in Excel, which would make transfer from computer to computer easier. So if one sheet could be input, and a second sheet be the datasheet, that would be great and would make analysis easier. I prefer specimens to be on rows and all the variables on collums for easier analysis.